A bird's tail consists of a tailbone, a set of flight feathers, and a layer of covering feathers at the base of the tail. The tail serves a number of aerodynamic functions.
The number the tail feathers by counting outward both right and left from the central most pair of tail feathers. For instance, both the right central tail feather is number one and the left central feather is number one. We count outward to the outer right and left tail feather respectively. For example, the outer right and left tail feather of most songbirds is number six, meaning that songbirds typically have six pairs of tail feathers.
Without their tail feathers, flying would be a pretty difficult chore. It acts as a rudder to provide stability and control steering of direction of a bird’s flight, and it also helps the bird land, take off, and change altitude. When not flying, many birds use their tail feathers as supports when on the ground or climbing the sides of trees.
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